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no-dates, alphabetical: big list
1942-1946: Konrad Zuse's Plankalül (plan-kalkul, program calculus) never implemented [info] [more] [bio&pic]
1949: John Mauchly's 'short code' [cite]
1951-1953: UNIVAC 'compiling system' by Grace Hopper et al [cite]
1954: John Backus's speedcoding [cite]
1954? IBM begins planning "The IBM Mathematical FORmula TRANslating System" for 704 mainframe [cite]
1956: Allen Newell, J.C. Shaw, and Herbert Simon propose list processing [cite]
1958: ACM committe's ALGOL 58 [cite] generalisation of IBM's Fortran
1958: spring: Fortran II [cite]
1958? John McCarthy's LISP recursive
1960: ALGOL 60 has block structure, recursion, boolean datatype [cite] lacked i/o [code]
1960: Kenneth E Iverson's APL [cite] [code]
no-date: COBOL's predecessors included FLOW-MATIC, AIMACO, and COMTRAN [cite]
1960: COBOL specs published [cite] macros, hierarchical data structures
1960s: D.J. Farber, R.E. Griswold, and F.P. Polensky's SNOBOL [cite]
1962: Cornell Computing Language (CORL) [code]
1962: Pilot [code]
1962-1964: Kristen Nygraad and Ole-Johan Dahl's Simula I [cite]
no-date: Fortran III flops [cite]
1960s: John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz's BASIC [cite] [code]
no-date: Noam Chomsky analyses 4 classes of grammar incl regular and context-free [cite]
no-date: Backus-Naur Form (BNF) for describing context-free grammars [cite]
1966: Cornell University Programminging :anguage (CUPL) [code]
1967: Simula 67
1968: Seymour Papert's Logo
no-date: Fortran IV [cite]
no-date: IBM's Fortran VI becomes NPL (new programming language, confused with Natl Physics Lab) becomes PL/1 or PL/I [cite] concurrent tasks, 23 kinds of exception, pointers as data type
no-date: BCPL [code]
1972: Dennis Ritchie's C
1972: Alan Kay's Smalltalk-72 [intro] [code]
1972: Don Woods and James Lyons's intercal [info]
1974: DoD starts Ada development [cite]
1975: Scheme
1976: Niklaus Wirth's Modula-2
1977: Fortran 77 [cite] character string handling, logical loop control statements, and an IF with an optional ELSE clause [more]
no-date: Alain Colmerauer, Phillip Roussel, and Robert Kowalski's PROLOG [cite]
1984: Common LISP
1980s: Robin Milner's MetaLanguage ML [cite] David Turner's Miranda
1986: ADVSYS adventure language [code]
1987: Adventure Definition Language [code]
1990: Fortran 90 adds array operations, recursion, CASE, EXIT, CYCLE [cite]
1992: Hudak and Fasel's Haskell [cite]
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