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Gabler has done a reasonable job of cataloguing all surviving texts of Ulysses in Joyce's hand, but Gabler clearly went much too far in rejecting almost every change that hasn't survived in Joyce's hand.
By far the greatest challenge for post-Gabler editions is to choose which among these thousands to accept, and which to reject.
The grounds for the choice must be primarily esthetic, but there's an extra layer of evidence that should also be considered-- characterising the individual typists for each section, according to the types of error they were most likely to make. (Gabler did this for Portrait: [article].)
This page will try to collate all available clues.
Some typists would have been more respectful of textual oddities than others, some would have understood what they were typing better than others. Some should have carefully proofed their output and made handwritten corrections.
Claud Sykes (Joyce's partner in English Players theater company, probably had read Portrait?)
Ch 1-3, done by mail (CS in Zurich, JAJ in Locarno but occasional trips back to Z), borrowed typewriter, changed all exclams to periods
?20 Nov Telemachus
27 Nov card: 'breasts' -> 'paps'; add 'and rummaged'
6 Dec card: asks to change words of Mulligan feeling chin
16 Dec Nestor (one page survives)
16? Dec card: add ellipses; 'in '46'
17? Dec card: wheywhite -> wheysour; 'Quite right. Quite right.' -> 'Good man. Good man.'; delete 'And now it has come.'
Kidd notes nine leafs with deletions in style of Sykes
22? Dec card: captive -> tweaked
23? Dec card: mentions 'department'
? Dec Proteus (one page survives)
JAJ meets CS in person in early January
Jan18 card: insert 'Shattered glass and toppling masonry.'
Mar18 Calypso (eight plus two pages survive)
Apr18? Lotus-eaters
May18 Hades (12 pages survive)
Aug18 Eolus (17pp survive)
Oct18 Lestrygonians (19pp survive)
Jan19? Scylla (22pp survive)
this would be a good one to analyse-- many insertions on ms were not copied, many improvements are untraced
Feb19 Wandering rocks (5+23+1pp survive)
Jun19 Sirens (23pp survive)
Miss Herter ('very competent secretary in the Handelsabteilung', w/dictation by Budgen, SL245)
Sept19? Cyclops (3+25pp) by Herter (Budgen mwy183, insisted on single-spacing)
Oct19 Joyces to Trieste
Feb20? Nausikaa (21+3+22pp)
Oct20 Oxen (19+5+2+28pp)
Jul20 Joyces to Paris
Feb21 Eumeus (34pp)
(squeamish typist left blanks for dirty bits)
Gabler imagines the Eumeus typist imposed over 500 new commas, and many dashes, ellipses, capitals, etc. Apparently this typescript also used doublequotes instead of dashes. [replica etext sample]
Mar21? Circe (13+152+144+12pp)
Mrs Harrison (E507)
8 April Mr Harrison throws Circe in fire
10 June first galleys from Darantière
Oct21? Ithaca (212+?+1+76pp)
Oct21? Penelope (51pp)
Robert McAlmon
(E514)
- how good was his English?
- how many others worked under him? (Hirschwald = manager)
- did they set the lines backwards, so that meaning was irrelevant?
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