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Homeric correspondences in James Joyce's Ulysses (Books 1-12)

NEW: links labelled '[compare]' use JavaScript to load Homer into the top half of the window

Joyce: # Telemachus - # Nestor - # Proteus
# Calypso - # Lotus-eaters - # Hades - # Eolus - # Lestrygonians
# Scylla & Charybdis - # S&C2 - # Wandering Rocks
# Cyclops - # Nausikaa - # Oxen of the Sun - # Circe
# Eumeus - # Ithaca - # Penelope

Homer: # I Telemachus - # II S&C2 - # III Nestor - # IV - # Proteus
# V Calypso - # VI Nausikaa - # VII - # VIII

# IX Cicones - # Lotus-eaters - # Cyclops
# X Eolus - # Lestrygonians - # Circe - # XI Hades
# XII Wandering Rocks - # Sirens - # Scylla & Charybdis - # Oxen of the Sun

# XIII Eumeus - # XIV - # XV - # XVI
# XVII Ithaca - # XVIII - # XIX - # XX
# XXI Penelope - # XXII - # XXIII - # XXIV

# Misc

To compare these notes with the Butcher-Lang text you can use this frames-page.

Correspondences from the Gorman schema [info]: "Stephen - Telemachus - Hamlet : Buck Mulligan - Antinous : Milkwoman - Mentor"

Plot summary, day zero: invocation of Muse...

"andra moi ennepe mousa polutropon hos mala..."

1.001 "Tell me, Muse"

Joyce parallels Homer's "andra moi ennepe, mousa" with the Catholic Mass's opening words, "Introibo ad altare Dei" (I will go up to God's altar) spoken blasphemously by 'Stately, plump Buck Mulligan' as the second paragraph of Ulysses. [Telemachus]

1.001 "of that man, so ready at need"

Joyce doesn't introduce his Odysseus-- Leopold Bloom-- until ch4 [Calypso].

Butcher-Lang's take on Homer's "polutropon" (the polytropic man) is pretty feeble. Other translators ventured: skillful, ingenious, of many devices/ways/strategems/twists'n'turns, and never at a loss. Bloomsday will confront Leopold with many small challenges which he'll meet with effective modesty.

1.001 "who wandered far and wide"

Bloom's travels range over one square mile of Dublin, mostly: [map]

1.002 "after he had sacked the sacred citadel of Troy"

Joyce seems to have hidden a series of extremely subtle clues that Bloom suffered a 'Waterloo' in 1894 that shut down a promising career and an upwardly mobile social life [info]

cf also "On this day twenty years ago we overcame the hereditary enemy at Ladysmith" [Circe] and "all is changed by woman's will since you slept horizontal in Sleepy Hollow your night of twenty years" [Circe]

1.003 "and many were the men whose towns he saw and whose mind he learnt"

For Bloom, even being a simple advertising salesman involves projecting his imagination empathically into everyone he meets. (It might be interesting to check if Joyce has associated their different characters with Irish cities, counties, etc. He seems to be doing so on an international scale in Finnegans Wake, in his varying choice of source-languages for puns [eg Dutch].)

1.004 "and many the woes he suffered in his heart upon the deep, striving to win his own life and the return of his company"

Bloom's primary 'company' are his adulterous wife Molly, his pert 15yo daughter Milly, and his dead son Rudy, all of whom cause frequent pangs all day. But cf also "several members of the company" [Ithaca] and "companions now in various manners in different places defunct" [Ithaca]

Day One plot summary: Poseidon has stranded Odysseus with Calypso

1.014 "Odysseus only... the lady nymph Calypso held"

Joyce's Calypso is the same as his Penelope-- Molly Bloom-- but her relationship with 'Poldy' has for the last decade been unsatifying for both of them.

1.015 "longing to have him for her lord"

(perhaps Molly's taste for B&D novels? [Calypso])

1.019 "all the gods had pity on him save Poseidon"

Joyce plays on 'Britannia rules the waves' to make Britain (and the visiting British tourist, Haines) into the "sea's ruler" [Telemachus]. Bloom's exile should probably be seen in terms of the fall of Parnell-- pre-1894 Bloom had been a Parnell-ite, but now keeps a British flag in his front room [Ithaca].

Day One summary (cont): the gods meet in Poseidon's absence

1.022 "Poseidon had now departed"

Bloom will have achieved some change of status with Molly by the end of the book, but how exactly this occurs is still a puzzle. Ideally, his 'Poseidon' should have been distracted in some way. [other riddles]

longshot: "The cabby read out of the paper he had got hold of that the former viceroy, earl Cadogan, had presided at the cabdrivers' association dinner in London somewhere... Sir Anthony MacDonnell had left Euston for the chief secretary's lodge" [Eumeus]

1.023 "for the distant Ethiopians... There he looked to receive his hecatomb"

Cf? ch12 discusses a Zulu chief visiting England "The delegation partook of luncheon" [Cyclops]

Day One summary (cont): the case of foolish Aegisthus is mentioned

1.036 "the son of Atreus"

Homer uses this story of the murder of Agamemnon by his wife and her lover as a recurring motif, a 'worst case' foreshadowing of what Odysseus may face. [Bulfinch]

Joyce's uses two analogous motifs. From Stephen's perspective it seems to be a replay of Shakespeare's "Hamlet", first cited in ch1 by Mulligan making light of Stephen's theorizing about the play, then quoted by Haines in a way that suggests Hamlet/Stephen is in danger of being driven mad by the ghost of his father/mother. [Telemachus]

For Bloom, the analog is Parnell, whom Joyce explicitly associates with Agamemnon in the schema for ch6 Hades. But Bloom's own worst-case fears (cf Atreus motif) sound more like Lear (or Roderick O'Conor) than King Hamlet or Parnell: "Nadir of misery: the aged impotent disfranchised ratesupported moribund lunatic pauper" [Ithaca]

1.039 "the son of Atreus shall be avenged at the hand of Orestes"

Homer introduces this worst-case Telemachus-analog before Telemachus himself.

Joyce opens Ulysses by showing Stephen being haunted just as Agamemnon's son Orestes was by the Furies [cite] [more] by guilt over his dead mother: "The aunt thinks you killed your mother" [Telemachus] "No, mother. Let me be and let me live." [Telemachus]

Stephen will try to 'avenge' Shakespeare with the librarians in ch9

Day One summary (cont): Athena successfully pleads O's case to Zeus

1.051 [of Calypso] "daughter of the wizard Atlas, who... upholds the tall pillars which keep earth and sky asunder"

Since one of the pillars of Hercules (more accurately of Atlas [info]) was located at Gibraltar [info], Joyce locates Molly's childhood there [Calypso]

1.056 "with soft and guileful tales she is wooing him to forgetfulness of Ithaca"

maybe Molly's casual deceptions regarding Boylan? [Calypso]

1.059 "But Odysseus... hath a desire to die"

There's very subtle suicide-symbolism in ch17 as Bloom contemplates the evidence of Molly's adultery: "carbon monoxide" [Ithaca] "By decease" [Ithaca]

1.069 "anger for the Cyclops' sake"

Joyce may have inserted a Cyclops-equivalent trauma into Bloom's past history, but the main Cyclops Homeric-parallels won't be until ch12. (In that chapter, the narrator mentions how Joe Cuffe fired Bloom c1894 for "giving lip to a grazier" [Cyclops]. It would be eminently Joyce-like to mention the ten-years-earlier Cyclops analog within its corresponding chapter.)

Day One summary (cont): Athena suggests dispatching Hermes to Calypso and herself to Ithaca

1.084 "let us then speed Hermes the Messenger"

he'll make an ambiguous appearance in ch4 in the form of a letter from daughter Milly, personified "in slim sandals" [Calypso] (could Molly get a foreshadowing of Bloom's 'return' from the fact Milly sent him a letter, but her just a card?)

1.088 "his son"

Joyce recycles his nom-de-plume Stephen Dedalus from A Portrait of the Artist [etext] for this character. But SD won't even meet Bloom until ch14 [Oxen]. (Telemachus hasn't seen Odysseus either, since he was 1yo.) And Stephen has his own living and present father Simon knocking around Dublin, but not offering much paternal inspiration.

1.089 "planting might in his heart"

The Linati schema (the earlier of two) explains that Stephen 'does not yet bear a body'. For his art to become mature, he must master this lesson.

1.090 "to call an assembly"

In Joyce's ch9 [Scylla] we'll see Stephen address a group of intellectuals in an office of the National Library. It may be that this central scene was originally to be part of Joyce's Telemachia (four opening chapters like Homer, instead of his eventual three).

1.092 "the wooers"

Stephen's mother has died a year earlier, so it's not her who's currently being wooed. Instead, it's Ireland's freedom being usurped by Britain and the Roman Church, and perhaps as well Shakespeare's artistic stature being usurped by those who misread Hamlet..

1.094 "tidings of his dear father's return"

For Stephen, this might be his artistic Muse's message of inspiration and enlightenment.

1.095 "so he may be had in good report among men"

Athena herself (as Mentes) tells Telemachus that his father is alive, but she also wants him to struggle and grow.

Day One summary (cont): Athena visits Telemachus in Ithaca, advises him to confront the suitors and then go to Nestor for news

1.097 "her lovely golden sandals that wax not old, and bare her alike over the wet sea and over the limitless land, swift as the breath of the wind"

From atop Mulligan's rented Tower, Stephen sees the bay as "spurned by lightshod hurrying feet" [Telemachus]

1.099 "her doughty spear, shod with sharp bronze, weighty and huge and strong, wherewith she quells the ranks of heroes"

In the schema, Joyce explains "Milkwoman = Mentor" ("a messenger from the secret morning" [Telemachus]) so perhaps this becomes the milkwoman's milkcan? [pic] [Telemachus]

1.105 "Mentes the captain of the Taphians"

(It's not clear whether Joyce also saw Mentes as the milkwoman, though.)

1.106 "there she found the lordly wooers"

For Joyce now just Mulligan and Haines.

1.107 "taking their pleasure at draughts in front of the doors"

Can it be coincidence that Mulligan asks Haines to open the door because of the smoke, just as the milkwoman is arriving? (ie, an English-only pun on 'draught') [Telemachus]

1.108 "sitting on hides of oxen... a goodly carven chair... a footstool... an inlaid seat"

A Homeric motif not much echoed by Joyce, who offers only chairs and an "upended valise" [Telemachus]

1.113 "Telemachus was far the first to descry her"

For Joyce it's Haines [Telemachus] (Although... we might be able to argue that when Stephen picked up Mulligan's shaving bowl he would have seen the milkwoman coming, but said nothing.)

1.114 "he was sitting with a heavy heart among the wooers dreaming on his good father"

His mother, rather [Telemachus]

1.124 "with us thou shalt be kindly entreated"

Mulligan offers her tea [Telemachus]

1.134 "overweening men"

Mulligan, in a word!

1.137 "poured it forth over a silver basin to wash withal"

cf "All Ireland is washed by the gulfstream, Stephen said as he let honey trickle over a slice of the loaf." [Telemachus]

1.141 "a carver lifted and placed by them platters of divers kinds of flesh"

cf "He hacked through the fry on the dish and slapped it out on three plates" [Telemachus]

1.150 "Now when the wooers had put from them the desire of meat and drink, they minded them of other things, even of the song and dance"

Mulligan sings tunelessly thruout the chapter, but especially as they leave the Tower. Stephen exaggerates this: "Three times a day, after meals" [Telemachus]

1.154 "Phemius, who was minstrel to the wooers despite his will"

Mulligan may be singing Stephen's setting of a Yeats poem, though this possibility is never broached in the text [Telemachus]

1.156 "holding his head close to her that those others might not hear"

cf "Buck Mulligan bent across to Stephen" [Telemachus]

1.161 "that man whose white bones, it may be, lie wasting in the rain upon the mainland, or the billow rolls them in the brine"

cf "The man that was drowned." [Telemachus]

1.168 "Gone is the day of his returning!"

Does SD ever express this despair?

1.183 "the wine-dark sea"

Joyce has Mulligan quote the Greek "Epi oinopa ponton" [Telemachus]

1.189 "go ask the old man, the hero Laertes, who they say no more comes to the city, but far away toward the upland suffers affliction, with an ancient woman for his handmaid, who sets by him meat and drink, whensoever weariness takes hold of his limbs, as he creeps along the knoll of his vineyard plot"

1.208 "Thy head surely and they beauteous eyes are wondrous like to his"

1.215 "My mother verily saith that I am his; for myself I know not, for never man yet knew of himself his own descent."

cf? Stephen on belief in god: "You behold in me... a horrible example of free thought" [Telemachus]

1.217 "O that I had been the son of some blessed man, whom old age overtook among his own possessions!"

Joyce's schema identifies the theme of ch1 as "The dispossessed son in struggle"

1.225 "What feast, nay, what rout is this?"

cf Mulligan "What sort of a kip is this?" [Telemachus]

1.234 "the gods willed it otherwise, in evil purpose, who have made him pass utterly out of sight as no man ever before"

cf gnostic demiurges?

1.255 "If he could but come now and stand at the entering in of the gate, with helmet and shield and lances twain, as mighty a man as when first I marked him in our house drinking and making merry"

cf??? the very end of Finnegans Wake: "If I seen him bearing down on me now under whitespread wings like he'd come from Arkangels, I sink I'd die down over his feet, humbly dumbly, only to washup." [etext]

1.260 "thither had Odysseus gone on his swift ship to seek a deadly drug, that he might have wherewithal to smear his bronze-shod arrows: but Ilus would in nowise give it to him, for he had in awe the everliving gods. But my father gave it him"

1.269 "mark and take heed unto my words"

cf? "Mark this farther and remember." [Oxen]

1.272 "call the Achaean lords to the assembly"

cf ch 9? [Scylla]

1.273 "bid them scatter"

In what sense does SD attempt to scatter his audience in ch9?

cf? SD picturing the Church scattering the heretics: "A horde of heresies fleeing" [Telemachus]

1.275 "for thy mother, if her heart is moved to marriage, let her go back to the hall of that mighty man her father"

1.281 "go to inquire concerning thy father that is long afar"

cf SD on facticity: "it was in some way if not as memory fabled it" [Nestor]

1.294 "take counsel in thy mind and heart, how thou mayest slay the wooers in thy halls, whether by guile or openly"

1.297 "for thou shouldst not carry childish thoughts"

cf SD's self-criticism: "Hear, hear. Prolonged applause. Zut! Nom de Dieu!" [Telemachus]

1.298 "hast thou not heard what renown the goodly Orestes gat him among all men in that he slew the slayer of his father"

1.302 "be valiant, that even men unborn may praise thee"

cf? "Am I walking into eternity" [Proteus]

1.310 "after thou hast bathed... thou mayest wend to the ship"

cf "The Ship, Buck Mulligan cried. Half twelve." [Telemachus]

1.319 "like an eagle of the sea she flew away"

cf Mulligan "fluttering his winglike hands, leaping nimbly" [Telemachus]

1.320 "in his spirit she planted might and courage, and put him in mind of his father yet more than heretofore"

1.329 "from her upper chamber the daughter of Icarius, wise Penelope, caught the glorious strain, and she went down the high stairs from her chamber"

cf SD remembering May; "Her door was open: she wanted to hear my music." [Telemachus]

Day One summary (cont): Penelope asks the singer to sing a different song but T contradicts her; T confronts the suitors; Eurycleia tucks him in

Other summaries: shortest - MythWeb - Newfoundland - Virtual - UMass - Temple - Johnson - Kennesaw - Lamb - Spark - [bio of Telemachus] - [Athena]

If Joyce originally intended Book II to be the Library discussion of Hamlet, we can read Stephen as trying to convince the librarians/Ithacans that Shakespeare/Odysseus was cuckolded by his brothers/suitors.

But when he moved it, he should have added parallels in ch1 and maybe the new ch2 (Stephen addressing the schoolboys), so we need to examine all three chapters (1, 2, and 9).

Day two summary: T has Achaeans summoned to assembly (suitors plus their innocent fathers)

2.003 "put on his raiment and cast his sharp sword about his shoulder, and beneath his smooth feet he bound his goodly sandals"

cf? "Stephen looked on his hat, his stick, his boots" [Scylla]

2.008 "the long-haired Achaeans"

cf? "the light untonsured hair, grained and hued like pale oak" [Telemachus]

cf? (eg) "rufous skull... face, bearded" [Scylla]

2.011 "two swift hounds bare him company"

all I can picture here are BM's boots on SD's feet

2.014 "he sat him in his father's seat and the elders gave place to him"

cf Deasy putting SD in charge of the class?

2.015 "lord Aegyptus spake among them first; bowed was he with age"

cf? Nestor in Book III/ch2

cf? "the quaker librarian purred" [Scylla]

2.017 "for this reason he spake that his dear son... the savage Cyclops slew him"

cf

2.028 "who was minded thus to assemble us? ...luck be with him"

cf

Day two summary (cont): T speaks and weeps

2.038 "he stood... and the herald... placed the staff in his hands"

cf? BM and/or Haines to SD: "I told him your symbol of Irish art... I intend to make a collection of your sayings... What is your idea of Hamlet?"

cf? "We want to hear more, John Eglinton decided with Mr Best's approval." [Scylla]

2. "Old man, he is not far off"

cf? BM re telegram: "Where did you launch it from? The kips? No. College Green."

2.045 "evil hath befallen my house, a double woe"

(WS in London, plus uncle(s) usurping?) cf "I am the murdered father: your mother is the guilty queen. Ann Shakespeare, born Hathaway" [Scylla]

2. "First, I have lost my noble sire, who sometime was king among you here, and was gentle as a father"

cf "He is a ghost, a shadow now, the wind by Elsinore's rocks or what you will, the sea's voice, a voice heard only in the heart of him who is the substance of his shadow, the son consubstantial with the father."

2.050 "wooers beset"

cf? "I understand you to suggest there was misconduct with one of the brothers" [Scylla]

2.061 "I am nowise strong"

cf "I'm not a hero"

cf? "I am tired of my voice" [Scylla]

2.063 "deeds past sufferance"

cf "of the offence to me"

2.064 "Resent it"

cf

2.071 "leave me alone"

cf

2.074 "Better for me that ye yourselves should eat up my treasures"

cf? "For them too history was a tale like any other too often heard, their land a pawnshop"

cf "The sentimentalist is he who would enjoy without incurring the immense debtorship for a thing done."

2.080 "So spake he in wrath, and dashed the staff to the ground, and brake forth in tears; and pity fell on all the people"

cf "anxiety"

cf? "I wept alone" [Scylla]

Day two summary (cont): Antinous blames Penelope

2. "but Antinous alone made answer"

cf "Hast thou found me, O mine enemy?"

2.088 "the fault is... in thine own mother, for she is the craftiest of women"

cf? history is to blame"

cf "A woman brought sin into the world."

cf? "The world believes that Shakespeare made a mistake" [Scylla]

2.094 "she set up in her halls a mighty web"

2.099 "this shroud for the hero Laertes"

2.105 "in the night unravel the same"

2.109 "we found her unravelling the splendid web. Thus she finished it"

2.113 "Send away thy mother"

cf? "No, mother! Let me be and let me live." cf? "play them"

2.118 "Such wiles as hers we have never yet heard that any even of the women of old did know"

cf "If others have their will Ann hath a way. By cock, she was to blame." [Scylla]

Day two summary (cont): T answers

2.130 "I may in no wise thrust forth from the house, against her will, the woman that bare me, that reared me"

cf "She saw him into and out of the world. She took his first embraces. She bore his children and she laid pennies on his eyes to keep his eyelids closed when he lay on his deathbed." [Scylla]

cf "Yet someone had loved him, borne him in her arms and in her heart. But for her the race of the world would have trampled him underfoot, a squashed boneless snail. She had loved his weak watery blood drained from her own. Was that then real? The only true thing in life? His mother's prostrate body the fiery Columbanus in holy zeal bestrode. She was no more: the trembling skeleton of a twig burnt in the fire, an odour of rosewood and wetted ashes. She had saved him from being trampled underfoot and had gone, scarcely having been." [Nestor]

Day two summary (cont): Zeus sends eagles as omen; Halitherses interprets it as O's revenge

2. "two eagles in flight"

cf "Two strong shrill whistles answered"

Day two summary (cont): Eurymachus supports Antinous

2. "Now as for Odysseus, he hath perished far away"

cf "Shakespeare? he said. I seem to know the name."

2.207 "the prize of her perfection"

cf "Hortensio calls her young and beautiful" [Scylla]

2. ""

cf

Day two summary (cont): T asks for ship, Mentor supports T; Athena as Mentor tells T how to prepare for the trip; the suitors mock T; T tells Eurycleia what he needs; A as Mentor arranges the ship and crew; the ship sets sail at night

2. ""

cf

2. "Hear me, thou who yesterday didst come in thy godhead to our house"

cf? "Ignatius Loyola, make haste to help me!"

2. "hereafter thou shalt not be craven or witless"

cf

2. "there he found the noble wooers in the halls, flaying goats and singeing swine in the court"

cf

2. "let me see thee eat and drink as of old"

cf

2. "in no wise in your proud company can I sup in peace, and make merry with a quiet mind"

cf

2. "He spake and snatched his hand from out the hand of Antinous"

cf

2. "Telemachus planneth our destruction"

cf

2. "the good nurse Eurycleia wailed aloud"

cf BM on Aquinas: "There he keened... It's destroyed we are"

2. "In the likeness of Telemachus she went all through the city, and stood by each one of the men and spake her saying, and bade them gather at even by the swift ship"

cf

2. "she shed sweet sleep upon the wooers and made them distraught in their drinking"

cf

2. "thy goodly-greaved companions are sitting already at their oars, it is thy despatch they are awaiting"

cf

2. "poured drink offering to the deathless gods"

cf "Laud we the gods"

Summaries: UMass - Temple - Lamb - MythWeb - Spark - Newfoundland - Virtual - UMass - Johnson - Kennesaw - shortest - MythWeb

Correspondences: "Deasy : Nestor : Pisistratus . Sargent : Helen : Mrs O'Shea"

Day three: T&A arrive at Nestor's; she gives him courage; Pisistratus invites them to feast without knowing who they are; T explains himself to N; N mourns his dead and fills in post-Iliad fates of various Greeks; Menelaus may know something, so T must track him down; N invites T&A to spend the night but A flies off; N opens a bottle of his best for T

Day four: N arranges a special sacrifice to Athena; T&P set off for Sparta by chariot; overnight at Alpheus's

Day five: more driving

Summaries: Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - Temple - shortest - MythWeb - Spark

Correspondences: "Proteus - Primal Matter : Kevin Egan - Menelaus : Megapenthus : the Cocklepicker"

Day five: they arrive at dusk; Menelaus is hosting a double-wedding feast; welcomes T&P; speaks of his time since Troy and mentions O; T weeps, Helen recognises him, slips everybody a tranquiliser, reminisces about Troy and O's disguise as beggar; M tells of the Trojan horse

4. "drave to the dwelling of renowned Menelaus"

cf "In gay Paree he hides, Egan of Paris, unsought by any save by me" proteus

4. "a feast for the wedding of his noble son and daughter"

cf? "About us gobblers fork spiced beans down their gullets" [Proteus]

4. "his well-beloved son, strong Megapenthes, born of a slave woman"

cf? "She is quite nicey comfy without her outcast man... Tell Pat you saw me, won't you? I wanted to get poor Pat a job one time." [Proteus]

4. "the shepherd of the people"

cf "good shepherd of men" [Proteus]

4. "there was a gleam as it were of sun or moon through the lofty palace of renowned Menelaus"

cf? "the Montmartre lair he sleeps short night in, rue de la Goutte-d'Or, damascened with flyblown faces of the gone" [Proteus]

4. "they went to the polished baths and bathed them. Now when the maidens had bathed them and anointed them with olive oil"

cf "The froeken, bonne à tout faire, who rubs male nakedness in the bath at Upsala. Moi faire, she said, tous les messieurs." [Proteus]

4. "a handmaid bare water for the hands in a goodly golden ewer"

cf "the kerchiefed housewife is astir, a saucer of acetic acid in her hands" [Proteus]

4. "the blood of your parents is not lost in you, but ye are of the line of men that are sceptred kings, the fosterlings of Zeus; for no churls could beget sons like you"

cf "You're your father's son. I know the voice" [Proteus]

4. "Telemachus spake to the son of Nestor, holding his head close to him, that those others might not hear"

cf? "Faut pas le dire a mon pere. " [Proteus]

4. "that those men were yet safe, who perished of old in the wide land of Troy"

cf? "Of Ireland, the Dalcassians, of hopes, conspiracies, of Arthur Griffith now, AE pimander, good shepherd of men. To yoke me as his yokefellow, our crimes our common cause." [Proteus]

4. "Helen came forth from her fragrant vaulted chamber"

cf? "She is quite nicey comfy without her outcast man, madame in rue Gît-le-Coeur, canary and two buck lodgers. Peachy cheeks, a zebra skirt, frisky as a young thing's. Spurned and undespairing." [Proteus]

4. "Now I too, lady, mark the likeness even as thou tracest it"

cf "You're your father's son. I know the voice" [Proteus]

4. "For a son hath many griefs in his halls when his father is away, if perchance he hath none to stand by him."

cf? "Moi, je suis socialiste. Je ne crois pas en l'existence de Dieu." [Proteus]

4. "she cast a drug into the wine whereof they drank, a drug to lull all pain and anger"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "he hid himself in the guise of another, a beggar"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "Thrice thou didst go round about the hollow ambush and handle it, calling aloud on the chiefs of the Argives by name, and making thy voice like the voices of the wives of all the Argives"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "bedsteads beneath the gallery, and fling on them fair purple blankets and spread coverlets above, and thereon lay thick mantles to be a clothing over all"

cf "" [Proteus]

Day six: T asks M about O; M predicts O will devour the suitors like a lion; M tells about wrestling Proteus, and finally reveals that O is alive but stranded; the suitors plot T's ambush; Penelope learns of T's departure and the plot; Athena sends P a dream

4. "To what end hath thy need brought thee hither"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "I come hither to thy knees, if haply thou art willing to tell me of his pitiful death"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "even so shall Odysseus send forth unsightly death upon the wooers"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "therein is a good haven whence men launch the gallant ships into the deep when they have drawn a store of deep black water"

cf "" [Proteus]

Proteus:

4. "she met me wandering alone apart from my company, who were ever roaming round the isle, fishing with bent hooks, for hunger was gnawing at their belly"

cf "from the starving cagework city a horde of jerkined dwarfs, my people, with flayers' knives, running, scaling, hacking in green blubbery whalemeat" [Proteus]

4. "I will plainly tell thee all. Hither resorteth that ancient one of the sea, whose speech is sooth, the deathless Egyptian Proteus"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "If thou couldst but lay an ambush and catch him, he will surely declare to thee the way and the measure of thy path"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "a god is hard for mortal man to quell"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "So often as the sun in his course stands high in mid heaven, then forth from the brine comes the ancient one of the sea, whose speech is sooth, before the breath of the West Wind he comes, and the sea's dark ripple covers him. And when he is got forth, he lies down to sleep in the hollow of the caves. And around him the seals, the brood of the fair daughter of the brine, sleep all in a flock, stolen forth from the grey sea water, and bitter is the scent they breathe of the deeps of the salt sea"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "choose diligently three of thy company, the best thou hast"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "I will tell thee all the magic arts of that old man"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "do ye grasp him steadfastly and press him yet the more, and at length when he questions thee in his proper shape, as he was when first ye saw him laid to rest, then, hero, hold thy strong hands, and let the ancient one go free"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "She scooped lairs on the sea-sand, and sat awaiting us, and we drew very nigh her, and she made us all lie down in order, and cast a skin over each"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "She took ambrosia of a very sweet savour, and set it beneath each man's nostril, and did away with the stench of the beast"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "we rushed upon him with a cry, and cast our hands about him"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "at the first he turned into a bearded lion, and thereafter into a snake, and a pard, and a huge boar; then he took the shape of running water, and of a tall and flowering tree"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "it is not thy fate to see thy friends, and come to thy stablished house and thine own country, till thou hast passed yet again within the waters of Aegyptus, the heaven-fed stream, and offered holy hecatombs to the deathless gods"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "He said that in the gods' despite he had escaped the great gulf of the sea; and Poseidon heard his loud boasting, and presently caught up his trident into his strong hands, and smote the rock Gyraean and cleft it in twain. And the one part abode in his place, but the other fell into the sea, the broken piece whereon Aias sat at the first, when his heart was darkened."

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "And it was so that the watchman spied him from his tower, the watchman whom crafty Aegisthus had led and posted there, promising him for a reward two talents of gold"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "but caitiff thoughts were in his heart. He brought him up to his house, all unwitting of his doom, and when he had feasted him slew him, as one slayeth an ox at the stall"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "I saw him in an island shedding big tears in the halls of the nymph Calypso"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "But lo, now tarry in my halls till it shall be the eleventh day hence or the twelfth. Then will I send thee with all honour on thy way, and give thee splendid gifts, three horses and a polished car; and moreover I will give thee a goodly chalice"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "In Ithaca there are no wide courses, nor meadow land at all. It is a pasture-land of goats, and more pleasant in my sight than one that pastureth horses"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "the wooers meantime were before the palace of Odysseus, taking their pleasure in casting of weights and spears on a levelled place"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "they were amazed, for they deemed not that Telemachus had gone"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "I gave it him myself of free will"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "the proud spirits of these twain were angered, and they made the wooers sit down together and cease from their games"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "give me a swift ship and twenty men, that I may lie in watch and wait even for him on his way home"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "it was no long time before Penelope heard of the counsel that the wooers had devised in the deep of their heart. For the henchman Medon told her thereof"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "her knees were loosened where she stood, and her heart melted within her, and long time was she speechless, and lo, her eyes were filled with tears and the voice of her utterance was stayed"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "Oh, women, hard of heart, that even ye did not each one let the thought come into your minds, to rouse me from my couch when he went to the black hollow ship"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "shun all disdainful words alike, lest someone hear and tell it even in the house"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "the gods who live at ease suffer thee not to wail or be afflicted, seeing that thy son is yet to return; for no sinner is he in the eyes of gods"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "it is ill to speak words light as wind"

cf "" [Proteus]

4. "the daughter of Icarius started up from sleep; and her heart was cheered"

cf "" [Proteus]

Murray

Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - Temple - shortest - MythWeb - Spark

Correspondences: "Calypso - The Nymph. Dlugacz : The Recall : Zion : Ithaca"

Days seven to thirtyone

5. "he may not reach his own country, for he hath no ships by him with oars, and no companions to send him on his way over the broad back of the sea"

cf [Calypso]

5. "he shall sail on a well-bound raft, in sore distress, and on the twentieth day arrive at fertile Scheria"

cf [Calypso]

5. "Straightway he bound beneath his feet his lovely golden sandals, that wax not old, that bare him alike over the wet sea and over the limitless land, swift as the breath of the wind."

cf "Quick warm sunlight came running from Berkeley Road, swiftly, in slim sandals, along the brightening footpath. Runs, she runs to meet me, a girl with gold hair on the wind." [Calypso]

5. "on the hearth there was a great fire burning, and from afar through the isle was smelt the fragrance of cleft cedar blazing, and of sandal wood"

cf "The coals were reddening... Rather stale smell that incense leaves next day" [Calypso]

5. "the nymph within was singing with a sweet voice as she fared to and fro before the loom, and wove with a shuttle of gold"

cf "What are you singing?" [Calypso]

5. "round about the cave there was a wood blossoming, alder and poplar and sweet-smelling cypress. And therein roosted birds long of wing, owls and falcons and chattering sea-crows, which have their business in the waters. And lo, there about the hollow cave trailed a gadding garden vine, all rich with clusters."

cf "He bent down to regard a lean file of spearmint growing by the wall. Make a summerhouse here. Scarlet runners. Virginia creepers. Want to manure the whole place over, scabby soil. A coat of liver of sulphur. All soil like that without dung. Household slops. Loam, what is this that is? The hens in the next garden: their droppings are very good top dressing. Best of all though are the cattle, especially when they are fed on those oilcakes. Mulch of dung. Best thing to clean ladies' kid gloves. Dirty cleans. Ashes too. Reclaim the whole place. Grow peas in that corner there. Lettuce. Always have fresh greens then." [Calypso]

5. "who sat weeping on the shore"

cf [Calypso]

5. "the goddess spread a table with ambrosia"

cf "Bread and butter, four, sugar, spoon, her cream." [Calypso]

5. "who ever grudge goddesses penly to mate with men"

cf [Calypso]

5. "Him I saved as he went all alone bestriding the keel of a bark, for that Zeus had crushed and cleft his swift ship"

cf [Calypso]

5. "I said that I would make him to know not death and age for ever"

cf [Calypso]

5. "by night he would sleep by her, as needs he must, in the hollow caves, unwilling lover by a willing lady"

cf [Calypso]

5. "even now will I send thee hence with all my heart"

cf [Calypso]

5. "arise and cut long beams, and fashion a wide raft with the axe"

cf [Calypso]

5. "swear a great oath not to plan any hidden guile"

cf [Calypso]

5. "I too have a righteous mind, and my heart within me is not of iron, but pitiful even as thine"

cf [Calypso]

5. "he sat him down upon the chair whence Hermes had arisen"

cf "He sat down, cut and buttered a slice of the loaf." [Calypso]

5. "thou longest to see thy wife, for whom thou hast ever a desire day by day"

cf [Calypso]

5. "wise Penelope is meaner to look upon than thou, in comeliness and stature"

cf "Not unlike her with her hair down: slimmer." [Calypso]

5. "they twain went into the chamber of the hollow rock, and had their delight of love, abiding each by other"

cf [Calypso]

Day eight to ten

5. "Odysseus put on him a mantle and doublet"

cf? "Then he girded up his trousers, braced and buttoned himself." [Calypso]

5. "the nymph clad her in a great shining robe, light of woof and gracious, and about her waist she cast a fair golden girdle, and a veil withal upon her head"

cf? "her large soft bubs, sloping within her nightdress like a shegoat's udder" [Calypso]

5. "She gave him a great axe... a polished adze, and she led the way to the border of the isle where tall trees grew"

cf [Calypso]

5. "deftly smoothed them, and over them made straight the line"

cf [Calypso]

5. "Calypso, the fair goddess, brought him web of cloth to make him sails"

cf [Calypso]

5. "nor did sleep fall upon his eyelids, as he viewed the Pleiads and Bootes, that setteth late, and the Bear, which they likewise call the Wain, which turneth ever in one place, and keepeth watch upon Orion, and alone hath no part in the baths of Ocean. This star, Calypso, the fair goddess, bade him to keep ever on the left as he traversed the deep"

cf [Calypso]

5. "he roused all storms of all manner of winds, and shrouded in clouds the land and sea"

cf "A cloud began to cover the sun slowly, wholly. Grey. Far. " [Calypso]

5. "now is utter doom assured me"

cf "Desolation. Grey horror seared his flesh." [Calypso]

5. "Yet even so forgat he not his raft, for all his wretched plight, but made a spring after it in the waves, and clutched it to him, and sat in the midst thereof, avoiding the issues of death"

cf "Must begin again those Sandow's exercises. On the hands down. Blotchy brown brick houses. Number eighty still unlet. Why is that?" [Calypso]

5. "Now the South would toss it to the North to carry, and now again the East would yield it to the West to chase"

cf [Calypso]

5. "the daughter of Cadmus marked him, Ino of the fair ankles, Leucothea... she rose, like a sea-gull on the wing, from the depth of the mere, and sat upon the well-bound raft and spake"

cf "Quick warm sunlight came running from Berkeley Road, swiftly, in slim sandals, along the brightening footpath. Runs, she runs to meet me, a girl with gold hair on the wind.' [Calypso]

5. "Cast off these garments, and leave the raft... take this veil imperishable and wind it about thy breast; so is there no fear that thou suffer aught or perish"

cf Milly's letter??? [Calypso]

5. "I will not yet obey"

cf [Calypso]

5. "Odysseus bestrode a single beam"

cf [Calypso]

5. "for two nights and two days he was wandering in the swell of the sea"

cf [Calypso]

5. "most welcome to his children is the sight of a father's life, who lies in sickness and strong pains long wasting away"

cf [Calypso]

5. "at last the knees of Odysseus were loosened and his heart melted, and in heaviness he spake"

cf? "Midway, his last resistance yielding, he allowed his bowels to ease themselves quietly as he read" [Calypso]

5. "if I swim yet further... I fear lest the stormwind catch me again... or else some god may even send forth against me a monster"

cf [Calypso]

5. "even so was the skin stript from his strong hand against the rocks"

cf [Calypso]

5. "pity me, O king; for I avow myself thy suppliant"

cf [Calypso]

5. "Odysseus turned from the river, and fell back in the reeds, and kissed earth"

cf [Calypso]

5. "I fear that the bitter frost and fresh dew may overcome me... I fear lest of wild beasts I become the spoil and prey"

cf [Calypso]

5. "of fallen leaves there was great plenty"

cf [Calypso]

Summaries: Bulfinch's - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - Temple - shortest - MythWeb - shortest - MythWeb - Spark - Auburn - psychology - ditto - map - [essay] - song - myth

Correspondences: "Phaecia - Star of the Sea : Gerty - Nausikaa"

Day thirtytwo

6. "near the Cyclopes they dwelt"

cf? "grandpapa Giltrap's lovely dog Garryowen" [Nausikaa]

6. "he drew a wall around the town, and builded houses and made temples for the gods and meted out their fields"

cf? seawall, church

6. "wherein was sleeping a maiden like to the gods in form and comeliness"

cf "Gerty MacDowell... lost in thought... pronounced beautiful... her face was almost spiritual in its ivorylike purity though her rosebud mouth was a genuine Cupid's bow, Greekly perfect." [Nausikaa]

6. "Beside her on either hand of the pillars of the door were two handmaids"

cf "Gerty MacDowell who was seated near her companions" [Nausikaa]

6. "the daughter of a famous seafarer, Dymas, a girl of like age with Nausicaa"

cf? what

6. "truly thou art not long to be a maiden"

cf? "The very heart of the girlwoman went out to him, her dreamhusband, because she knew on the instant it was him." [Nausikaa]

6. "furnish thee with mules and a wain to carry the men's raiment... a high waggon with strong wheels"

cf? "Edy with the pushcar with baby Boardman in it" [Nausikaa]

6. "Olympus, where, as they say, is the seat of the gods that standeth fast for ever. Not by winds is it shaken, nor ever wet with rain, nor doth the snow come nigh thereto, but most clear air is spread about it cloudless, and the white light floats over it"

cf? "the last glow of all too fleeting day lingered lovingly on sea and strand, on the proud promontory of dear old Howth, guarding as ever the waters of the bay" [Nausikaa]

6. "who straightway marvelled on the dream"

cf "Here was that of which she had so often dreamed." [Nausikaa]

6. "her father she met as he was going forth to the renowned kings in their council"

cf "he couldn't even go to the funeral on account of the gout and she had to go into town to bring him the letters and samples from his office about Catesby's cork lino" [Nausikaa]

6. "her mother gave her soft olive oil also in a golden cruse, that she and her maidens might anoint themselves after the bath"

cf? "a piece of cottonwool scented with her favourite perfume" [Nausikaa]

6. "bright water welled up free from beneath, and flowed past, enough to wash the foulest garments clean"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

6. "they took the garments... and briskly trod them down in the trenches, in busy rivalry"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

6. "they fell to playing at ball"

cf "building castles as children do, or playing with their big coloured ball" [Nausikaa]

6. "So then the princess threw the ball at one of her company; she missed the girl, and cast the ball into the deep eddying current, whereat they all raised a piercing cry. Then the goodly Odysseus awoke and sat up, pondering in his heart and spirit"

cf "poor Tommy was not slow to voice his dismay but luckily the gentleman in black who was sitting there by himself came gallantly to the rescue and intercepted the ball" [Nausikaa]

6. "having broken with his strong hand a leafy bough from the thick wood, to hold athwart his body, that it might hide his nakedness withal"

cf? "she could see him take his hand out of his pocket, getting nervous, and beginning to play with his watchchain" [Nausikaa]

6. "he was terrible in their eyes, being marred with the salt sea foam, and they fled cowering"

cf? "And they all ran down the strand to see over the houses and the church, helterskelter" [Nausikaa]

6. "the daughter of Alcinous alone stood firm"

cf "Gerty was adamant... she could sit" [Nausikaa]

6. "Odysseus considered whether he should clasp the knees of the lovely maiden"

cf "Suppose I spoke to her. What about?" [Nausikaa]

6. "I supplicate thee, O queen, whether thou art a goddess or a mortal!"

cf "His dark eyes fixed themselves on her again, drinking in her every contour, literally worshipping at her shrine." [Nausikaa]

6. "thrice blessed are thy father and thy lady mother, and thrice blessed thy brethren. Surely their souls ever glow with gladness for thy sake"

cf "A sterling good daughter was Gerty just like a second mother in the house, a ministering angel too with a little heart worth its weight in gold." [Nausikaa]

6. "he is of heart the most blessed beyond all other who shall prevail with gifts of wooing, and lead thee to his home"

cf? "And, Mrs Breen and Mrs Dignam once like that too, marriageable." [Nausikaa]

6. "all that time continually the wave bare me"

"Hanging on to a plank or astride of a beam for grim life" [Nausikaa]

6. "And now some god has cast me on this shore"

cf "Blown in from the bay" [Nausikaa]

6. "Nausicaa of the white arms"

cf "her own arms that were white and soft" [Nausikaa]

6. "this man is some helpless one come hither in his wanderings, whom now we must kindly entreat"

cf "If he had suffered, more sinned against than sinning, or even, even, if he had been himself a sinner, a wicked man, she cared not." [Nausikaa]

6. "in your sight I will not bathe, for I am ashamed to make me naked in the company of fair-tressed maidens"

cf "Same time might prefer a tie undone or something. Trousers? Suppose I when I was? No. Gently does it." [Nausikaa]

6. "Athene, the daughter of Zeus, made him greater and more mighty to behold, and from his head caused deep curling locks to flow, like the hyacinth flower"

cf? "Sooner have me as I am than some poet chap with bearsgrease plastery hair, lovelock over his dexter optic." [Nausikaa]

6. "Then to the shore of the sea went Odysseus apart, and sat down"

cf "the gentleman in black who was sitting there by himself" [Nausikaa]

6. "Their ungracious speech it is that I would avoid, lest some man afterward rebuke me, and there are but too many insolent folk among the people."

cf "Irritable little gnat she was and always would be and that was why no-one could get on with her, poking her nose into what was no concern of hers." [Nausikaa]

6. "Better so, if herself she has ranged abroad and found a lord from a strange land"

cf "She could see at once by his dark eyes and his pale intellectual face that he was a foreigner" [Nausikaa]

6. "Grant me to come to the Phaeacians as one dear, and worthy of pity"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

Summaries: Lamb - Apollodorus? - Bulfinch - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - Torino - Temple - shortest - MythWeb - Spark - map

Still day thirtytwo

7. "Eurymedusa, the handmaid of the chamber, whom the curved ships upon a time had brought from Aperaea; and men chose her as a prize for Alcinous"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

7. "Athene shed a deep mist about Odysseus for the favour that she bare him, lest any of the Phaeacians, high of heart, should meet him and mock him in sharp speech"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

7. "Their ships are swift as the flight of a bird, or as a thought."

cf "" [Nausikaa]

7. [Nausikaa's father married his niece?]

cf "" [Nausikaa]

7. "even so are the women the most cunning at the loom"

cf "She did it up all by herself" [Nausikaa]

7. "he found the captains and the counsellors of the Phaeacians pouring forth wine to the keen-sighted god"

cf? eg "Canon O'Hanlon got up again and censed the Blessed Sacrament" [Nausikaa]

7. "nor is it fitting that the stranger should sit upon the ground in the ashes by the hearth"

cf "Might get piles myself." [Nausikaa]

7. "Now that the feast is over, go ye home and lie down to rest"

cf "the sandman was on his way for Master Boardman junior" [Nausikaa]

7. "thereafter he shall endure such things as Fate and the stern spinning women drew off the spindles for him at his birth"

cf "Fate that is. He, not me." [Nausikaa]

7. "Ah, and may life leave me when I have had sight of mine own possessions, my thralls, and my dwelling that is great and high!"

cf? "Twenty years asleep in Sleepy Hollow. All changed. Forgotten. The young are old. His gun rusty from the dew." [Nausikaa]

7. "So they went from the hall with torch in hand."

cf? "soon the lamplighter would be going his rounds" [Nausikaa]

Summaries: shortest - MythWeb - Temple - Spark

Day thirtythree

8. "bid hither the divine minstrel, Demodocus... of his sight she reft him, but granted him sweet song"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "the songs of famous men, even that lay whereof the fame had then reached the wide heaven, namely, the quarrel between Odysseus and Achilles"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "none of all the company marked him weeping, but Alcinous alone"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "Let us go forth anon, and make trial of divers games, that the stranger may tell his friends"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "Sorrow is far nearer my heart than sports"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "So true it is that the gods do not give every gracious gift to all, neither shapeliness, nor wisdom, nor skilled speech."

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "Yet even so, for all my affliction, I will essay the games, for thy word hath bitten to the quick, and thou hast roused me with thy saying."

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "hither let him come and try the issue with me, in boxing or in wrestling or even in the foot race, I care not which, for ye have greatly angered me"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "I avow myself far more excellent than all besides, of the mortals that are now upon the earth and live by bread"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "we are no perfect boxers, nor wrestlers, but speedy runners, and the best of seamen; and dear to us ever is the banquet, and the harp, and the dance, and changes of raiment, and the warm bath, and love, and sleep"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "Odysseus gazed at the twinklings of the feet, and marvelled in spirit"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "around them clung the cunning bonds of skilled Hephaestus, so that they could not move nor raise a limb"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "Howbeit, there is none to blame but my father and mother, - would they had never begotten me!"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "till her sire give back to the gifts of wooing, one and all, those that I bestowed upon him for the hand of his shameless girl"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "So might thrice as many bonds innumerable encompass me about, and all ye gods be looking on and all the goddesses, yet would I lie by golden Aphrodite."

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "Now each man among you bring a fresh robe and a doublet, and a talent of fine gold, and let us speedily carry all these gifts together, that the stranger may take them in his hands"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8. "forthwith he fixed on the lid, and quickly tied the curious knot which the lady Circe on a time had taught him"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

8."'Farewell, stranger, and even in thine own country bethink thee of me upon a time, for that to me first thou owest the ransom of life.'"

cf "We'll never meet again. But it was lovely. Goodbye, dear. Thanks." [Nausikaa]

8. "Come now, change thy strain, and sing of the fashioning of the horse of wood"

cf "" [Nausikaa]

Summaries: shortest - MythWeb - Temple - Spark

Still day thirtythree

9. "I am Odysseus, son of Laertes"

Summaries: Apollodorus - Auburn - Temple - Spark

Lotus-eaters: Lamb

Correspondences: "Lotuseaters : Cabhorses, Communicants, Soldiers, Eunuchs, Bather, Watchers of Cricket"

Summaries: Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map - questions

Cyclops: Murray - Lamb

Correspondences: "Noman - I : Stake - cigar : challenge - apotheosis"

Apollodorus - Hooker's translation - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map - pic - pic - questions - game - myth

Correspondences: "Crawford - Eolus : Incest - journalism : Floating Island - press"

Still day thirtythree

Summaries: UMass - Temple - Lamb - Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Spark - Auburn - map - questions - winds

Lestrygonians: Murray - Butcher-Lang - Lamb

Correspondences: "Antiphates - Hunger : The Decoy : Food : Lestrygonians : Teeth"

Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map

Circe: Murray - Butcher-Lang - Lamb

Correspondences: "Circe - Bella : "

This section is extraordinary because some 20 notes survive on a Circe notesheet [info] that were clearly jotted while JAJ was rereading Butcher-Lang, starting at 10.167 (see below)... and almost all of them are exxed out to indicate he found a place for them. (Our challenge is to try to figure out where! [500k try]) Many more notes survive for the Nostos (see below). These were traced to Butcher-Lang by Philip Herring. [Bibliofind]

[compare]

10.140 "we put in with our ship into the sheltering haven silently"

cf? "the swancomb of the gondola, highreared, forges on through the murk" [Circe]

10.148 "I went up a craggy hill, a place of out-look, and I saw the smoke rising from the broad-wayed earth in the halls of Circe, through the thick coppice and the woodland. Then I mused in my mind and heart whether I should go and make discovery, for that I had seen the smoke and flame."

"He stands at Cormack's corner watching... Big blaze" [Circe]

10.155 "give my company their midday meal"

"cramming bread and chocolate into a side pocket... a lukewarm pig's crubeen... a cold sheep's trotter" [Circe]

10.167 "I broke withies and willow twigs, and wove me a rope a fathom in length, well twisted from end to end, and bound together the feet of the huge beast, and went to the black ship bearing him across my neck, and leaning on a spear"

Joyce's note, exxed in red: Circe2:31 "Ul. carries shot stag with sugaun + spear" (sugaun = rope of twisted straw in Irish)

cf? "In each hand he holds a parcel, one containing a lukewarm pig's crubeen, the other a cold sheep's trotter sprinkled with wholepepper." [Circe]

10.179 "They unmuffled their heads, and... gazed at the stag... and got ready the glorious feast"

Circe2:32 "crew lie with muffled heads, they feast" exxed blue (heads muffled with cloaks = stress, sorrow, despair; uncovered for feast)

cf "A form sprawled against a dustbin and muffled by its arm and hat moves, groans, grinding growling teeth, and snores again." [Circe]

10.203 "I numbered my goodly-greaved company in two bands, and appointed a leader for each, and I myself took the command of the one part, and godlike Eurylochus of the other. And anon we shook the lots in a brazen-fitted helmet, and out leapt the lot of proud Eurylochus. So he went on his way, and with him two and twenty of my fellowship all weeping; and we were left behind making lament"

Circe2:33 "1/2 Ul. 1/2 Euryl. 22 each (mother in law fight)" 1st half exxed blue; Circe2:34 "drew lots in helmet" exxed blue

cf? Stephen and Lynch arriving first, and so cf?? drawing lots: "Nice mixup. Scene at Westland row. Then jump in first class with third ticket. Then too far." [Circe] (train = helmet; people = lots)

10.212 "all around the palace mountain-bred wolves and lions were roaming"

Circe2:39 "lions + wolves" blue. This gets generalised to all animals, but specifically eg: "spaniel... lynx... drunk as dog... lion of the night... dogs him... doggedly... Leopardstown... Foxrock... liontamer" etc

(around this point Joyce also noted Circe2:38 "invent card dealer", never exxed)

10.221 "within they heard Circe singing in a sweet voice"

Circe2:35 "Circe sings" blue cf "Cissy Caffrey's voice, still young, sings shrill from a lane" [Circe]

10.222 "she fared to and fro before the great web imperishable, such as is the handiwork of goddesses, fine of woof and full of grace and splendour"

Circe2:40 "Circe's web" blue. This needs to be a deep symbol, with parallels to Penelope's weaving. Joyce wrote in a letter "[Circe's] web is so vast and of such intricate zoological design that I suppose it must be hard to follow in such a typescript."

One direction we might anticipate is a web of ESP that detects Bloom's approach-- cf? "her luck's turned today" [Circe]

(two more notes taken around here, exxed in red: Circe2:41 "LB gets roastbeef for S.D." and Circe2:42 "MB wishes to see brothel". For the latter we have LB to Josie: "She often said she'd like to visit" [Circe])

10.224 "Polites, a leader of men, the dearest to me and the trustiest of all my company"

Circe2:37 "Polites. Ul. Favourite" blue. He foolishly, trustingly draws Circe's attention, so it seems he must be Stephen. cf? "With exaggerated politeness" [Circe]

10.232 "Eurylochus tarried behind, for he guessed that there was some treason"

Circe2:36 "Euryloch. comes back" blue. Bloom, now?

10.233 "she led them in and set them upon chairs and high seats"

Circe2:43 "chairs" unexxed. cf? "sits perched on the edge of the table" [Circe]

10.234 "made them a mess of cheese and barley-meal and yellow honey with Pramnian wine, and mixed harmful drugs with the food to make them utterly forget their own country"

Circe2:44 "cheese, barley, wine ?seed honey" blue. cf? Virag's "Wheatenmeal with honey and nutmeg" [Circe] or cf? "the favourite, honey cap, green jacket, orange sleeves, Garrett Deasy up... dancing coins of carrots, barley, onions, turnips, potatoes." [Circe] cf also? Rudolph to LB: "who left the house of his father and left the god of his fathers" [Circe]

10.238 "presently she smote them with a wand"

Circe2:45 "smitten with wand" red. cf Bella/Bello's fan: "He taps her on the shoulder with his fan" [Circe] Lynch's poker is also described as a wand [Circe]

10.261 "I cast about my shoulder my silver-studded sword, a great blade of bronze, and slung my bow about me"

Circe2:46 "Ul. sword + bow" unexxed

10.268 "let us flee the swifter with those that be here"

Circe2:47 "Eur. beseeches him to abandon others. No." red

[compare]

10.277 "then did Hermes, of the golden wand, meet me as I approached the house"

cf Bloom's vision of his father, Rudolph Bloom "A stooped bearded figure appears garbed in the long caftan of an elder in Zion and a smokingcap with magenta tassels" [Circe]

But as Bloom enters Nighttown (crossing Circe's web/veil) a whole series of Hermeses appear: shouting urchins, cyclists' bells, sandstrewer motorman, sinister figure with mercury, ragsackman, Caffrey twins, Rudolph, Ellen, Molly-Marion, Gerty, and Josie.

Perhaps the most important is Zoe, who drops the clue that lets LB control Bella. Zoe: "her son in Oxford" [Circe] LB: "your own son in Oxford" [Circe]

10.284 "methinks, thou thyself shalt never return but remain there with the others"

cf? "I told you not go with drunken goy ever. So you catch no money." [Circe]

10.292 "this charmed herb that I shall give thee"

cf "a shrivelled potato" [Circe]

10.299 "command her to swear a mighty oath by the blessed gods, that she will plan nought else of mischief to thine own hurt, lest she make thee a dastard and unmanned, when she hath thee naked"

Circe2:48 "Circe's oath lest she castrate" blue. cf Bloom to Bello: "Fair play, madam. No pruning knife." [Circe]

10.304 "Moly the gods call it"

Joyce's notes and comments on Moly are extensive:

1918 A5.18 "Circe's brew  kykeon  moly" blue
1918 A5.19 "Moly - mlh (Heb) = Sel" blue
1918 A5.19 "atriplex halimus  porpier de mer  salad with vinegar
            milky yellow flower" unexxed <- Berard II.288
 
Circe 3:110 "Homebrew.  Moly." blue.  makes impotent?
Circe 3:121 "Moly (mlh - salt)" unexxed  (after Berard)
Circe 2:49 "Moly hard to dig" blue
Circe 2:03 "Moly - circumcis." blue.  reduces sex drive
Circe 7:110 "charm = Moly (narrow shave)" blue.  lucky escapes danger
Circe 10:26 "Moly - indifference" blue.  ...due to masturbation
Circe 10:27 "Moly - beauty" blue.  elevates one above lust?
Circe 10:28 "Moly - laughter" blue.  deflates lust
Circe 10:29 "Moly - satire" blue.  ditto
Circe 10:30 "Moly - pessimism" blue.  emphasizing negative consequences
Circe 12:32 "Moly = escape from prison" blue.  cf 'narrow shave'
Circe 12:36 "Moly = conscience" blue. outweighing lust 
Circe 21:35 "Moly = absinthe, mercury," blue.  reducing lust, curing pox
Circe 21:50 "Moly = chastity" unexxed

Ellmann (p496) misreads indifference as 'inexperience' and narrow shave as 'narrow shoes'

JAJ to Helen Nutting, undated: "Think of that symbolism: a white flower with a black root. Other flowers are tinctured all through with their colour, but this alone of all flowers has a black root with a white flower." E496

?Sept 1920 to FB: "As regards 'moly' it can be chance, also laughter, the enchantment killer. The knock out blow delivered at end brings all things back to their sordid reality." L1-144

29 Sept to FB: "Moly is the gift of Hermes, god of public ways, and is the invisible influence (prayer, chance, agility, presence of mind, power of recuperation) which saves in case of accident. This would cover immunity from syphilis... Hermes is the god of signposts: i.e. he is, specially for a traveller like Ulysses, the point at which roads parallel merge and roads contrary also. He is an accident of providence. In this special case his plant may be said to have many leaves, indifference due to masturbation, pessimism congenital, a sense of the ridiculous, sudden fastidiousness in some detail, experience. It is the only occasion on which Ulysses is not helped by Minerva but by her male counterpart or inferior." SL272, L1-147

to FB 24 Oct 1920: "Moly could also be absinthe the cerebral impotentising drink or chastity." SL273, L1-149

Budgen JJMU230: potato-talisman, fatherhood

10.305 "it is hard for mortal men to dig"

Circe2:49 "Moly hard to dig" blue

10.558 "There was one, Elpenor, the youngest of us all, not very valiant in war, neither steadfast in mind"

Circe2:49 "Elpenor." red

Notes continue: Circe2:50 "LB women love to be let into little secret" red; Circe2:51 "LB ?believes they feel themselves ?open women" blue; Circe2:52 "poodle lion, Circe's pet" red

Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - ditto - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map - pic - questions - fansite - moly - myth - poncy book review

Correspondences: "Dodder, Grand and Royal Canals, Liffey - The 4 Rivers : Cunningham - Sisyphus : Father Coffey - Cerberus : Caretaker - Hades - Daniel O'Connell - Hercules : Dignam - Elpenor : Parnell : Agamemnon : Mentor : Ajax"

Still day thirtythree

11. "neither eat meat savoured with salt"

Ith11:99 "know not salt" unexxed

Summaries: Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - Temple - Spark - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map - questions - terminology - myth - ditto - ditto - pix

Still day thirtythree

Summaries: UMass - Temple - Spark

Wandering Rocks

Correspondences: "Bosphorus - Liffey : European bank - Viceroy : Asiatic bank - Conmee : Symplegades : Groups of citizens"

comparison - Wandering Rocks entry in Perseus encyclopedia

Sirens: Murray - Lamb

Correspondences: "Sirens - barmaids : Isle - bar"

Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map - pic - questions - fanpage - Kafka - myth

Scylla & Charybdis: Murray - Lamb

Correspondences: "The Rock - Aristotle, Dogma, Stratford : The whirlpool : Plato, Mysticism, London : Ulysses : Socrates, Jesus, Shakespeare"

Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - Auburn - map - questions - myth - pic

Oxen of the Sun: Murray - Lamb

Correspondences: "Hospital - Trinacria : Lampetie, Phaethusa - Nurses : Helios - Horne : Oxen - Fertility : Crime - Fraud"

Apollodorus - Johnson - Kennesaw - Virtual - shortest - MythWeb - map - myth - myth

Day 33 (cont): O skips retelling Calypso

[Next: Books 13-24]

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